Lumerical INTERCONNECT: Exploring Self-Phase Modulation (SPM)
Hello, this is Majeed Haidari from Ozen Engineering, Inc.. Today, I would like to discuss how we can model self-phase modulation, a nonlinear effect, through a nonlinear waveguide using a numerical interconnect.
Introduction to Numerical Interconnect
As we know, a numerical interconnect is a photonic integrated circuit solver. I will start by clicking on a new project. This environment has been introduced before, so I will open a project that I have already created.
Project Overview
In this project, we have the following components:
- A nonlinear waveguide
- A pseudo-random generator with a rate of 2.5 gigabits per second
- A modulated Gaussian pulse with a frequency of 1550 nanometers
- Adjustable power settings
We can change the power and frequency of the waveguide. For monitoring, we use:
- An oscilloscope
- A spectrum analyzer for time and frequency domain monitoring
Nonlinear Waveguide Parameters
The nonlinear waveguide has the following characteristics:
- Length: 2 centimeters
- Dispersion parameter: Please refer to previous slides for unit conversion details.
- Nonlinear index: 6e-18 meters squared per watt meter square
Other parameters like self-stepping effect or two-photon absorption are disabled in this part. I will create another video to model two-photon absorption and describe these parameters separately.
Focusing on Self-Phase Modulation
Let's focus on self-phase modulation in this video. I will delete the previous sweep and create a new one. Here's how:
- Create a new parameter sweep.
- Edit the power sweep by selecting "Add".
- Change the power of the Gaussian pulse from 1 watt to 10 watts.
We will then run the simulation and visualize the output using the spectrum analyzer. The simulation consists of 10 power sweeps, and we will wait for them to finish.
Simulation Results
Once the simulation is complete, we can select the sweep and visualize the output power. As you can see, when we increase the input power, the pulse broadens in the frequency domain.
If you have any questions or need further clarification, please leave a comment below.
Lumerical INTERCONNECT: Exploring Self-Phase Modulation (SPM) Hello, I'm Majid Heidari from Ozen Engineering. Today, I'd like to discuss how to model self-phase modulation, a nonlinear effect in a waveguide, using a numerical interconnect.
Numerical interconnect is a photonic integrated circuit solver. I'll open an existing project that contains a nonlinear waveguide and a pseudo-random generator with a 2.5-gigabit-per-second bitstream. The bitstream is modulated with a Gaussian pulse with a frequency of 1550 nanometers.
We can change the waveguide's power and frequency. The output of the Gaussian pulse enters the nonlinear waveguide, and we monitor the frequency and time domains using an oscilloscope and a spectrum analyzer.
Regarding nonlinear parameters, if I select the nonlinear waveguide, the waveguide's length is 2 centimeters. The dispersion parameter is in units of nanometers squared per kilometer per second. The nonlinear index is 6e-18 meters squared per watt meter square.
Currently, only self-phase modulation is enabled. I'll create another video to describe how to model two-photon absorption. To analyze self-phase modulation, I'll create a new parameter sweep for the input power. I'll change the power from 1 watt to 10 watts.
After running the simulation, we can visualize the output power. As we increase the input power, the pulse broadens in the frequency domain.
