Patch Antenna Design Using ANSYS HFSS

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Thank you. Good morning, everybody. Thank you for joining the webinar. We're going to give the last few registrants a chance to join, and I'll start this up in one minute. Thank you. Thank you. Okay. I'll get going now. Everybody, thank you for joining today.

This is Chris Cowan with Ozen Engineering. This is our weekly webinar that we've been doing, and today's topic will be Patch Antenna Simulation by Stephen Liu. Just a brief introduction to our company. Ozen Engineering is a simulation-based company.

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And he'll talk about patch antenna design. Alright, thank you Chris. Let me start sharing my screen. Okay, he's just getting his screen up right now, and I should just let you know that Stephen is an application engineer here at Ozen Engineering.

He has his electrical engineering degree, BS, from UC Santa Barbara. If you're a customer of ours and you call for technical support related to electronics products, you'll be speaking with Stephen about that. So it looks like your screen is up and going, so I'll sign off, and let you take over.

Thanks again, Chris. So today's webinar is about patch antenna simulation in ANSYS HFSS. And I'll just go through a typical demo in HFSS. So we're going to start off with a demo of the häufig sample. So we're going to start off with a typical sample.

And later, we're going to talk about how we're going to be using these data. This example is intended to show you how to simulate and analyze a microstrip antenna using ANSYS interfaces. And it will show you how to generate the S-parameter plot as well as the radiation pattern on the patch antenna.

So here I have the ANSYS electronic desktop opened up with HFSS design open and also imported a geometry of the patch antenna we are trying to simulate. So just to give a brief introduction on this patch antenna, it's a 10 gigahertz to 12 gigahertz antenna.

The antenna itself resonates at 10 gigahertz and is fed through a transmission line at this port with a 50 ohm port impedance. The dimension of this patch, the substrate is 2.3 centimeters by 2.93 centimeters. And the antenna is about one by one centimeter.

The square here is about one centimeter by one centimeter. The thickness of the substrate is 31 mil. With the simulation, you are welcome to do the drawing in electronic desktop on your own or you can just import a geometry that you have already.

So in today's demo, I'll just have it imported to save time. So let's set up the solution type for this kind of simulation. Here, we want to set up this for a driven terminal and the driven option is network analysis.

The difference is that this is a driven terminal, and one of the challenges of this project is prioritizing the work and giving clear instructions. So first, we want to give a material to our substrate. For this one, we'll add a new material for it.

Let's name it MySub and give it a permittivity value of 2. 2. Once you have assigned a boundary condition to it, you will have that. And then we'll go to the project manager on the left. Next, we want to create an open region where it determines the domain that HFSS will simulate in.

We go to HFSS Model and create an open region. In the previous session, this antenna ran on a 10 GHz frequency. So the operating frequency will be 10 GHz. Under the boundary, we want to select Perfect PML, which stands for Perfectly Matched Layer.

It's a lossy, anisotropic material that fully absorbs electromagnetic fields. We'll click OK on that. You will see that there is a box created around the model. So that will be our simulation domain. Next, we want to assign a port setup. We go to Add Items, and we select objects by name.

We click on Port. Then we go to HFSS, Excitation, and we assign a Lumped Port. When creating the Lumped Port, it will ask you what the reference point will be. We'll select Ground.

When creating a port, any conductor that's connected to it will list here, and it will ask you which to choose as a reference for your port. In this case, we choose Ground. Next, we're going to add a reference point. We'll select Ground. Then we want to set it.

So this is pretty much for Excitation and Fundamentals. The next step, we'll set up a solution setup. We go to HFSS Analysis Setup. We add a solution setup. We'll call it Setup 1. And we want to set the solution frequency at 10 GHz.

The maximum number of passes determines how many iterations it will refine itself. So the maximum will be six. But it will stop if it converges. So if the solution converges, the simulation will stop. Here, we'll just set it to be six.

The maximum will have it to be 0. 02. Then we go to the Options tab. We want to have the solution options set to mixed order. So this is usually advised for first-time simulation. And we want to have an iterative solver. Rather than residual, we'll leave it as what it is. We click OK on it.

Setup 1 is available now under Analysis. After that, we want to add a frequency sweep to this analysis. So we want to right-click on Setup and add a frequency sweep. We want to have the sweep type to be interpolating. Why interpolating?

Because it adaptively determines discrete solver points using the adaptive mesh. So that in the matrix data, the matrix data will be available for every frequency in the sweeps. And the field radiation pattern will be available as well as the last adaptive solution.

So we want the distribution to be a linear step starting at 8 gigahertz to 12 gigahertz. And step size, we want that to be 0.01 gigahertz. So this will be all frequency points in the simulation. Then we click OK on it. So now we can hit Analyze under Simulation.

Before we hit Analyze, we want to make sure that we have the right data. So we're going to hit on Simulation. Before we hit Analyze All, we can always validate your setup and your model. If all the things are having a green check, you're good to go. So we'll hit Analyze.

To save some time, we will open an identical project with the best results available already. So this is a simulated project, scene project. So first, we want to create a 2D rectangular plot for the S parameter. To do that, we're going to hit on Simulation. From here, we just have the .h5 file.

We're going to create the chart with this long plus 1D curve. Once that's done, we close it. And we're going to turn the other edge minority piece. We click Finish Report.

Now that that needs to go, we're going to Use height hurdles to the other edge, using this along side x, right interest which is 12 gigahertz. We agree that there is no other edge density so we want the difference. And here, we're going to hit Into Segments. Then we click Go to Schedule.

And we click Hack into Style Array. We want to deliver this result as successfully as possible. So we'll leave the solution for the sweep. The domain will be sweep as well. We go to the terminal S-parameter. This is basically S11, that is what we were interested in.

So we can see at around 10 gigahertz, this is where the patch antenna is in the resonant. We can also plot the field overlay, the electric field on the actual geometry. The way how you do it is we go to, first we want to select the face.

So we want to select, we want to see the electric field distribution on the surface of this patch antenna. Before that, let me turn off this 2D radiation panel first. Okay, so we want to select the face of the upper face of this geometry. You can do so by going to HF assist.

If I go to edit and select the HF assist, it will show you the HF assist. So if I go to edit and select the HF assist, and it gets the specific HF selection, you can either go to the HFSS head screen, like this. Here we go, be sure this is on. Just to have this sufficient.

We can go to we can write either right click or go to HFSS under fields we plot one plot fields E and the magnetic E we'll use the solution of what glass adaptive is the only solution available then we'll click done on this then we'll have a E field plotted on our model.

Okay, you can always you're always welcome to change the legend on this. We can go to scale, we can double click on the legend and go to scale to adjust your your legend here. We can change that to this is already in log form so this will be our E field.

Then we can we can also plot a 2D radiation pattern that shows us the gain of this patch antenna to do it we can first let me turn off the E field and just little useful tip for for maneuvering all the models and plot all the radiation but radiation patterns you can click on this little eye on this eye on a table and then upon clicking it you will you will be able to select and deselect the visibility of your model your 3d model your color keys your E field your your boundaries your excitations as well as your the field reports you created.

So we're trying to create a 2D radiation pattern here. We go to HFSS Is rho 1 0 P. We want to have an infinite sphere so this this panel is acting you to give the dimension of the pattern that you're trying to so that so here you specify the Phi and Theta value.

For Phi, we will want to do a full 360 degree sweep to create a fully isotropic radiation pattern. So we started with 0 degree and then we stop at 90 degree. Step size will be 90 degree. For theta, we'll do, we'll sweep it from negative 180 to stop at 180 degree. Step size will be 2 degree.

And we click on OK. Then we create reports on the antenna. We go to HFSS results, create far-field report. And we want to choose radiation pattern. So the geometry will be the one that we just created, infinite, or actually infinite sphere. And then we choose gain, total gain.

And we want this to be presented in decibel. Then we click on a new report. This will be our 2D radiation pattern on the antenna. We could also have this being overlaid on the model as we did already. Fine, so that's what we just had. I guess we want to boil down the body for a bit.

This equation looks pretty good so far. Next, we want to plot a 3D pattern. A 3D field overlay radiation pattern. So the same ideology. Before that, we want to define a difference and we want to define a domain as well. So we go to HFSS radiation. Insert most of that up.

We step back in our dashboarding from here, guys. Then under fields, I want to plot fields. I want to plot radiation fields. The plot that we just created, I believe it should be plot five. And before you plot it, you can always scale it and set the transparency of the pattern.

So here, we can have this overlaid on our actual model. So yeah, this would be the steps to simulate a patch antenna and have the S-parameter and radiation pattern plot. If you have any questions, please raise your hand. Or you can type it in the question section. Okay, it seems...

Well, this example is fairly straightforward. It's a little bit more complicated than the previous one. But I think it's pretty straightforward. And there's also related material or tutorial on this topic.

So if anyone is interested, feel free to contact us and we can talk more about this or share the material with you. Other than that, this will be it for today's webinar. Thanks, everybody, for attending. And have a nice day. Bye-bye. Thanks, everybody. Bye-bye. Thanks, everybody, for attending.

And have a nice day. Bye-bye. Bye-bye. Bye-bye.